Using our enforcement powers proportionately to protect patients.
What is ionising radiation in healthcare?
Ionising radiation in healthcare is used in three ways:
- Diagnostic radiology, which uses X-ray machines to obtain images of the inside of the patient’s body
- Nuclear medicine, which uses radioactive substances introduced into the patient for diagnosis or treatment
- Radiotherapy, which uses many types and sources of ionising radiation to cure or relieve symptoms of cancer and other diseases
These three areas are covered by the Ionising Radiation (Medical Exposure) Regulations 2017 (as amended) (IR(ME)R), which provide a framework to protect patients. All independent healthcare services using ionising radiation must comply with these regulations.
How we monitor compliance
HIW are responsible for monitoring compliance against IR(ME)R, we do this by:
- Inspecting services using ionising radiation
- Reviewing incidents notified to us that result in a significant additional or unintended exposure
In 2024-2025, we inspected a diagnostic screening service site and found that while patients were satisfied with their care, the service was not fully compliant with IR(ME)R regulations. We were not assured the provider had the necessary framework through written procedures, protocols, and quality assurance programmes for staff to carry out their roles safely.
As a result, HIW issued an Improvement Notice under Section 21 of the Health and Safety at Work etc. Act 1974. The Trust responded positively, taking steps to address the issues. We met with the Chief Executive and senior staff to review progress, and the notice was lifted in December 2024.
This case illustrates HIW’s commitment to using our enforcement powers proportionately and constructively. Where serious concerns arise, we act decisively to protect patients, but we also work closely with providers to support improvement and ensure long-term compliance.